Which arteries are described as the lateral branches of the common carotid arteries?

The internal carotid arteries are indeed considered the lateral branches of the common carotid arteries. As the common carotid artery ascends along the neck, it bifurcates into the internal and external carotid arteries at approximately the level of the fourth cervical vertebra (C4). The internal carotid artery is particularly important because it supplies blood to the brain, eyes, and forehead, whereas the external carotid artery supplies the face and neck. Recognizing the anatomical positions of these arteries helps illustrate the division of vascular supply routes from the common carotid arteries. This distinction is crucial for understanding cerebral circulation and potential clinical implications in conditions that affect blood flow to the brain.